Ten times more hurricane surges in future, new research predicts

Mar. 18, 2013 ? By examining the frequency of extreme storm surges in the past, previous research has shown that there was an increasing tendency for storm hurricane surges when the climate was warmer. But how much worse will it get as temperatures rise in the future? How many extreme storm surges like that from Hurricane Katrina, which hit the U.S. coast in 2005, will there be as a result of global warming? New research from the Niels Bohr Institute show that there will be a tenfold increase in frequency if the climate becomes two degrees Celcius warmer.

The results are published in the scientific journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, PNAS.

Tropical cyclones arise over warm ocean surfaces with strong evaporation and warming of the air. The typically form in the Atlantic Ocean and move towards the U.S. East Coast and the Gulf of Mexico. If you want to try to calculate the frequency of tropical cyclones in a future with a warmer global climate, researchers have developed various models. One is based on the regional sea temperatures, while another is based on differences between the regional sea temperatures and the average temperatures in the tropical oceans. There is considerable disagreement among researchers about which is best.

New model for predicting cyclones

"Instead of choosing between the two methods, I have chosen to use temperatures from all around the world and combine them into a single model," explains climate scientist Aslak Grinsted, Centre for Ice and Climate at the Niels Bohr Institute at the University of Copenhagen.

He takes into account the individual statistical models and weights them according to how good they are at explaining past storm surges. In this way, he sees that the model reflects the known physical relationships, for example, how the El Ni?o phenomenon affects the formation of cyclones. The research was performed in collaboration with colleagues from China and England.

The statistical models are used to predict the number of hurricane surges 100 years into the future. How much worse will it be per degree of global warming? How many 'Katrinas' will there be per decade?

Since 1923, there has been a 'Katrina' magnitude storm surge every 20 years.

10 times as many 'Katrinas'

"We find that 0.4 degrees Celcius warming of the climate corresponds to a doubling of the frequency of extreme storm surges like the one following Hurricane Katrina. With the global warming we have had during the 20th century, we have already crossed the threshold where more than half of all 'Katrinas' are due to global warming," explains Aslak Grinsted.

"If the temperature rises an additional degree, the frequency will increase by 3-4 times and if the global climate becomes two degrees warmer, there will be about 10 times as many extreme storm surges. This means that there will be a 'Katrina' magnitude storm surge every other year," says Aslak Grinsted and he points out that in addition to there being more extreme storm surges, the sea will also rise due to global warming. As a result, the storm surges will become worse and potentially more destructive.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Copenhagen, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

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Journal Reference:

1. Aslak Grinsted, John C. Moore, and Svetlana Jevrejeva. Projected Atlantic hurricane surge threat from rising temperatures. PNAS, March 18, 2013 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1209980110

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_science/~3/AfEO8-MMsyM/130318151519.htm

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Staunton Senior Center Exercises with Augusta Health ...

Experts from the Outpatient Physical Therapy and Fitness Center of Augusta Health (Ashley Kane and Sharon Stiteler) worked together to provide an exercise session at Staunton Senior Center earlier this week. Ten members took advantage of the new program which will be presented once a month by staff from these two branches of AH.

The group exercises aim to help keep seniors better balanced and stronger and will incorporate methods such as Tai Chi for variety and cross-training benefits. Classes will last approximately forty minutes and include warm-up, exercise focused on standing balance and resistance training, and cool-down. The ultimate goal is to train staff at the Center to be able to lead these group exercises, adding to already existing programs at SSC so that the Center can offer a more diverse exercise regimen! The next Augusta Health group class will take place on Tuesday, 9 at 9:30 a.m.

Posted on March 19, 2013 ? Leave a Comment?

Source: http://www.stauntonseniorcenter.org/2013/03/19/staunton-senior-center-exercises-with-augusta-health/

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Affiliate Marketing Tips And Tricks To Increase Your Online Revenue ...

TIP! A lot of affiliate communication happens through emails, but the inbox makes an inefficient place to store important information. As a time saver, take the most important points from the emails and put them in a Word document.

Affiliate promotion can prove to be quite profitable for those who learn a great deal about it and implement what they learn. You are going to have to learn as much as possible to make the profits that you hope to make through internet marketing. By reading this article, you will have everything you need for a good start.

TIP! One thing to remember when entering the world of affiliate marketing is to use deadlines for purchasing products religiously. Deadlines can help encourage visitors to make their purchase more quickly.

You always want to leave opportunities open for your customers to be affiliates, themselves. Customers who regularly buy your products are more likely to become successful affiliates. When a customer joins you as an affiliate, you?ve made one sale turn into possible hundreds. You can make larger profits and grow your network.

TIP! Only promote products that you personally endorse. When you recommend a product, it is a reflection on your business and on yourself.

Funnel your advertising through like minded affiliate sites that are targeting your preferred customer niche. You can provide your visitors a variety of places to go if they have plenty of links.

TIP! There is great inequality in the design of affiliate websites. Some can be difficult or frustrating to navigate.

It can be incredibly challenging to obtain a lifetime commission from an web marketing program. While you should still keep an eye out for them because the rewards are wonderful, just keep in mind that they are hard to come by. In affiliate programs, webmasters refer customers to vendors, who then pay commissions to webmasters for products that the referred clients purchase. Affiliate vendors earn commissions on every product they sell for a partner.

Affiliate vendors usually earn commission on products purchased in a specific time frame. This makes them extremely popular in the industry.

TIP! Affiliate marketers should understand that those pay-per-sale marketing plans are very risky. If it does go well, there is a lot of money to be made.

A good tip for some affiliate marketers is to not become complacent once you?ve started to make money. Push yourself to always reach for that next level of success with your online marketing. You can make more money by publishing a new blog or starting a new website. The important thing is to always keep working.

TIP! Once you have brought in a good deal of money, contact the program you joined and ask them for more money. If you make enough money for them, they will want you to stay.

Affiliating with niche markets can help you turn a profit. Specialty niches have less competitive keywords, meaning you can rank higher in search results faster, and make mroe money sooner than you would with products that everybody is trying to sell.

TIP! Affiliate marketing is great for businesses that have a strategy. It is best to have your site rank as high as possible with the search engines.

100 percent commission programs are not always a scam as you might assume. You may think it looks like a scam, but read more closely before you dismiss it entirely. Many offer that much because you pay upfront costs while they get the subscription profits. These can be lucrative offers, so make sure you look closely to determine whether or not they interest you.

TIP! Try pop-under ads as a low-profile, less annoying alternative to pop-ups. In addition, because of pop-up blockers, some readers never see pop-up ads.

Be sure to stay current with the most recent information in your industry. If you don?t keep up with your competition, they will most likely get the business, while you get nothing.

One terrific way to promote your products is to run a giveaway or contest. Contests and prizes keep customers returning to your website and attract a new customer base.

TIP! Gaining maximum benefits from affiliate marketing needs to encompass sales on the front end as well as the back end. When customers return to an affiliate company to purchase another product because of the original purchase from your recommendation, this should also be your commission.

Don?t limit your affiliates to just a few. That could make your business too dependent on a limited number of links. Spread your affiliate product line a bit wider. When you have many affiliate partners, letting one go will not hurt your profit too much. Start marketing products from yet another affiliate program as soon as you feel comfortably.

TIP! If you can, give customers alternate uses for your products in your affiliate program. If a reader realizes more than one use for the product, they are more likely to buy it for alternative uses that you may influence them to.

If you take the time to plan your next move and keep these tips in mind, you are going to see the positive outcome that you were hoping for when you decided to get involved. So make a action plan ? including these tips ? and get to work!

Source: http://www.empowernetwork.com/workwithluke/blog/affiliate-marketing-tips-and-tricks-to-increase-your-online-revenue/

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The A+ Certification Exam

How A+ Certification Turns IT Specialists Into Cyber Saviors.

Today, our capacity to perform tasks and remember large amounts of data is directly related to our increasing dependence on computers. This has clear advantages as we use computers as extensions of our own human capabilities, but with this increasing dependence comes new risks. In case of computer malfunctions, we run the risk of losing important data or being inhibited from continuing doing business for periods of time. For this reason, today?s IT specialist is an important person, resource, and all around cyber savoir.

To guarantee that those we entrust with the maintenance and health of our digital and virtual worlds of information and processing power have the right kind of qualifications, we have set up internationally-agreed upon standards of education for IT specialists. This certification is known as the A+ certification, and passing these comprehensive exams is necessary to gain this certification and to guarantee that not only the IT specialist can get a good job, but that we who rely on IT specialists can rest assured that their educational level is held to the highest standards.

Begun in the 1980s, the Association of Better Computer Dealers evolved over the next few decades into the Computing Technology Industry Association which today administrates the A+ certification exam. As the amounts and levels of sophistication of various operating systems have grown to include Microsoft Windows, Apple OS, Unix and Linux systems, A+ certification courses became a necessary standard for prospective IT people ready to work across these various operating platforms.

In order to qualify to take the exam, one must have completed 500 hours of practical experience working in information technology. The exam itself is administered in two parts: the A+ Essentials exam, and then one special elective, for example, IT tech, remote support, or depot tech.

- IT Technician Specialty ? This specialist often goes on site to work. They can work in-house within one company or for an IT firm. They can come to your place of business or home to maintain your computers or network.

- Remote Support Technician ? This is a customer service role that operates from a facility and is often helping people over the phone or through internet-based computer chatting software. They can also access your computers and networks remotely and fix things through a virtual mirroring of your OS at their own location.

- Depot Technician ? These specialists work within a single location, not unlike a servicing or repair shop. One would bring their computers or servers to them for both software and hardware repairs that are too complex to be performed on site.

One could take their A+ certification training beyond the essentials and practical applications for further certification and more career opportunities. The Computing Technology Industry Association offers certification exams in network systems, including hardware installations, and software management, and in security, focusing on encryption, and data recovery. In every case, these exams and certifications keep the bar high for those managing and maintaining some of our most valuable tools and resources in today?s technologically-orientated world.

Visit the Academy Of Learning for information on A+ Certification.

Michael Zunenshine is a Copywriter at Higher Education Marketing, a leading Web marketing firm specializing in Google Analytics, Education Lead Generation, Search Engine Optimization (SEO), Mobile SMS Alerts, Social Media Marketing and Pay Per Click Marketing, among other Web marketing services and tools.

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Poachers kill at least 86 elephants in central Africa

By Jean Rovys Dabany, Reuters

LIBREVILLE, Chad - Poachers killed at least 86 elephants in Chad last week, including 33 pregnant females and 15 calves, conservation groups said on Tuesday, warning that elephants in Central Africa risked being wiped out by such slaughters.

The killing was the worst in the region since more than 300 elephants were slaughtered in Cameroon early last year. Both raids took place during the dry season when poachers armed with automatic weapons launch coordinated attacks on herds of elephants in the region.

Conservationists warn that organised criminal gangs are illegally trafficking huge quantities of tusks to cash in on soaring demand for ivory in Asia.

Wildlife activists are calling for Interpol and the World Customs Association to work together to crackdown on the trade in ivory, issuing heavier penalties for those caught illegally dealing. Poaching has increased recently, fueled by a demand in Asia for jewelry and ornaments. ITV's Paul Davies reports.

The attack was reported to have taken place on March 14-15 in southern Chad, near the border with Cameroon.

"This tragedy shows once again the existential threat faced by Central Africa's elephants," Bas Huijbregts, head of the World Wildlife Fund's (WWF) campaign against illegal wildlife trade in Central Africa, said in a statement.

Citing local officials, WWF said the poachers were on horseback and spoke Arabic, suggesting that they were the same group who had been involved in the March 2012 attack that killed more than 300 elephants in northern Cameroon.

Faced with mobile and heavily armed poaching teams, Cameroon has deployed military helicopters and hundreds of troops to some national parks to protect the animals.

Callous brutality
The International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW) confirmed the attack, saying the elephants' tusks had been hacked out. It said elephant populations in the region risked being wiped out.

"The killing of 86 elephants, including pregnant cows, is evidence of the callous brutality demanded to feed the appetite of the ivory trade," said Celine Sissler-Bienvenu, head of IFAW in France and Francophone Africa.

Demand for ivory for use in jewellery and ornamental items is rising fast in Asia. Conservationists say growing Chinese influence and investment in Africa has opened the door wider for the illicit trade in elephant tusks.

"Cross-border cooperation and intelligence-led enforcement are the only ways we can bring these ivory traffickers to justice. It is too big a problem for any one country to tackle," said Kelvin Alie, director of IFAW's Wildlife Crime and Consumer Awareness Programme.

?We need range states, transit countries, and destination countries to share their law enforcement resources, including intelligence, or we'll never be in a position to shut down the kingpins of the international ivory trade," Alie said.

Data collected by conservationists shows that killing rates for elephants in Africa have risen dramatically in recent years.

From about 11,500 elephants illegally killed in 2010 in areas observed by the Monitoring Illegal Killing of Elephants programme, estimates for 2011 and 2012 rose to around 17,000.?

Related:

Family of 12 elephants slain by poachers in Kenya

Cursed creature: India battles rhino poachers

Rhino slaughter in South Africa sets savage pace

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Copyright 2013 Thomson Reuters. Click for restrictions.

Source: http://worldnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/03/19/17372329-poachers-kill-dozens-of-elephants-including-33-pregnant-females-in-chad?lite

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Spam Boom Prompts Call for Businesses to Ditch Email

Just when we thought the spam scourge was over, it appears it's making a comeback. After four straight quarters of decline, spam volumes on the Internet rose 92 percent in February, according to security firm Eleven Research Team.Phishing emails jumped 69.8 percent.

Source: http://ectnews.com.feedsportal.com/c/34520/f/632000/s/29b24d14/l/0L0Stechnewsworld0N0Crsstory0C775540Bhtml/story01.htm

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Paramore Share The 'Love' At The mtvU Woodie Awards

Tune in Sunday at 8 p.m. ET on MTV and mtvU for our half hour Woodies special!
By James Montgomery

Paramore
Photo: MTV News

Source: http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1703816/paramore-mtvu-woodie-awards.jhtml

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